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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkem | om ryʃtkø |
| 2SG: | ryʃtket | ot ryʃtkø |
| 3SG: | ryʃtka | ok/ogeʃ ryʃtkø |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkena | ona/ogəna ryʃtkø |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkeda | oda/ogəda ryʃtkø |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkat | ogət ryʃtkø |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkəʃəm | ʃəm ryʃtkø |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ryʃtkø |
| 3SG: | ryʃtkəʃ | əʃ ryʃtkø |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkəʃna | əʃna ryʃtkø |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkəʃda | əʃda ryʃtkø |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkəʃt | əʃt ryʃtkø |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkenam | ryʃtken oməl |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkenat | ryʃtken otəl |
| 3SG: | ryʃtken | ryʃtken ogəl |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkenːa | ryʃtken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkenda | ryʃtken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkenət | ryʃtken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkem əʎe | om ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 2SG: | ryʃtket əʎe | ot ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 3SG: | ryʃtka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkena əʎe | ona/ogəna ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkat əʎe | ogət ryʃtkø əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkem ulmaʃ | om ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ryʃtket ulmaʃ | ot ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ryʃtka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkat ulmaʃ | ogət ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkenam əʎe | ryʃtken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkenat əʎe | ryʃtken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ryʃtken əʎe | ryʃtken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkenːa əʎe | ryʃtken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkenda əʎe | ryʃtken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ryʃtken əʎe | ryʃtken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkenam ulmaʃ | ryʃtken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkenat ulmaʃ | ryʃtken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ryʃtken ulmaʃ | ryʃtken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkenːa ulmaʃ | ryʃtken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkenda ulmaʃ | ryʃtken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ryʃtken ulmaʃ | ryʃtken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkø | it ryʃtkø |
| 3SG: | ryʃtkəʒø | ənʒe ryʃtkø |
| 1PL: | (ryʃtkena) | (ona/ogəna ryʃtkø) |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkəza | ida ryʃtkø |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkəʃt | ənəʃt ryʃtkø |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkənem | ənem ryʃtkø |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkənet | ənet ryʃtkø |
| 3SG: | ryʃtkəneʒe | əneʒ ryʃtkø |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkənena | ənena ryʃtkø |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkəneda | əneda ryʃtkø |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkəneʃt | əneʃt ryʃtkø |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ryʃtkənem əʎe | ənem ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkənena əʎe | ənet ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 3SG: | ryʃtkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 1PL: | ryʃtkənena əʎe | ənena ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkəneda əʎe | əneda ryʃtkø əʎe |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ryʃtkø əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ryʃtkənet ulmaʃ | ənet ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ryʃtkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ryʃtkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ryʃtkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ryʃtkø ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ryʃtkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ryʃtkəman |
| Active participle: | ryʃtkəʃø |
| Passive participle: | ryʃtkəmø |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ryʃtkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ryʃtkədəmø |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ryʃtken |
| Negative gerund: | ryʃtkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ryʃtkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ryʃtkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ryʃtkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ryʃtkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ryʃtkədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||